Precipitation Hardening Behavior of V and/or Cu Bearing Middle Carbon Steels

High-Alloy Ferritic Steels: Martensitic Stainless Steels, Precipitation Hardening (code 1810)

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Microscopic modelling of simultaneous two-phase precipitation: application to carbide precipitation in low-carbon steels

A thermodynamically-based precipitation model, employing the classical nucleation and growth theories, has been adapted to deal with simultaneous precipitation of metastable and stable phases. This model gives an estimation of the precipitation kinetics (time evolution of radius and density of precipitates for both phases, as well as the evolution of solute fraction) in a wide range of temperat...

Duplex Hardening of Steels for Aeroengine Bearings

Duplex hardening is a process in which conventional heat-treatments such as secondary or case hardening are followed up by surface nitriding to achieve exceptional properties, particularly in the context of aeroengine bearings. Hardness values in excess of 1 000 HV can in principle be achieved, and although the hardness decreases as a function of depth below the surface, some level of enhanceme...

Precipitation Hardening of Metal Alloys

Precipitation hardening, or age hardening, provides one of the most widely used mechanisms for the strengthening of metal alloys. The fundamental understanding and basis for this technique was established in early work at the U. S. Bureau of Standards on an alloy known as Duralumin [1,2]. Duralumin is an aluminum alloy containing copper and magnesium with small amounts of iron and silicon. In a...

Secondary Hardening in High Speed Steels